Male infertility is caused by sperm issues described in the following situations: 1. Absence of sperm in the testicles or the absence of testicles 2. Inability to mature and release…
As infertility we describe the situation in which a couple experiences repetitive failure to conceive, after intercourse with sufficient frequency in each cycle, meaning more than 10 times per month,…
Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy are often an integral part in the investigation of potential infertility causes of a couple or a woman. They are both minimally invasive surgical methods and are…
A high-risk pregnancy is defined as one in which the mother and/or the fetus are at greater risk of complications, compared to pregnancies that develop normally. This may be due…
Chronic endometritis is a chronic inflammation in the uterus that is usually asymptomatic and of polymicrobial etiology. It is a clinical situation that has been ignored and almost missing for…
Obesity Exceeding the ideal body weight has been associated with a 30% reduction in fertility potential, both in natural conception and in IVF. Obesity is also thought to have an…
1. The absence of sperm in the testicles or the absences of testicles, described as non-obstructive azoospermia, are the most basic factors of male infertility. The causes that lead to…
Both of these conditions are a result of either germs or pelvic inflammations, previous surgeries or to endometriosis 4) Poor egg quality is mainly related to advanced reproductive age but…
Very often I meet couples that show me a normal sperm count analysis and presume that the sperm is not a problem, or vice versa they show me a pathological…
The egg is the second genetic material required for conception. And while the man is gifted with millions of sperm per ejaculation during his life, a woman has already been…
Spermatogenesis is a very complex process which seems to be influenced by a number of factors that may lead to the most common oligo-astheno-terato-zoospermia or even azoospermia. These factors that…
Excess embryos are now cryopreserved by the fast-freezing method named vitrification, which provides excellent survival rates compared to the slow-freezing method previously used.
Method of Preimplantation Diagnosis For preimplantation diagnosis to happen, the patient undergoes IVF cycle, embryos are produced and either at the stage of 8 cells (3rd day) or at the…
Classic insemination was applied in all cases of infertility until the early 90’s when micro fertilisation was discovered. The process is very simple. Under aseptic conditions thousands of mobile spermatozoa…
The short or flare-up protocol is used in those cases where the long one yielded only a few eggs or when for technical reasons concerning the patient the protocol should…
The antagonist protocol begins directly with stimulation on the second day of the cycle, where an ultrasound is performed to check the ovarian state. During the stimulation period the scans…
The most recent protocol is that of ONE INJECTION, as it is called. It is essentially chorifolitropin α (ELONVA) which is given once on the second day of the cycle…
Microfertilisation or ICSI is the selection of a normal spermatozoa from the embryologists, based on its morphological characteristics and its smooth mobility, its aspiration with a micropipette and the injection…
Since 2010, egg freezing has been launched in cases where there was no partner in younger ages and the patient wanted to preserve their fertility unchanged over time. Eggs are…
The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a procedure that has been widely used in medicine for many years, particularly by orthopedics to treat chronic erosive conditions such as chronic…
One of the most difficult problems that a fertility specialist has to deal with is that of recurrent miscarriage. That term defines the loss of at least three clinically confirmed…
Woman age and fertility: Women under 30 It is proved that almost 3/4 of couples, where the mother is between 20 and 30, will be able to conceive within the…
There is a chance in about 5% of cases where one of the two or even sometimes both, are carriers of some chromosomal translocation or some other chromosomal abnormality resulting…
There is a huge controversy in the scientific community regarding the clinical significance of these factors in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriages. My personal experience leads me to the conclusion…
From bottom to top, the open- accessible fertilisation “path” is defined by After ejaculation, the man’s sperm is deposited in the posterior vaginal dome. The sperm at this moment has…
It is now clear that the older the candidate mother is, the greater the chances of miscarriage due mainly to abnormalities in the chromosomal content of the eggs. These chances…
Even though no one can predict the time of menopause, the average age that it occurs is around 52 years. But before this point, there is a period of 10…
t is really important for a couple to understand what are the normal chances of conceiving and even more importantly how long it takes for a normal, fertile couple to…
DNA Fragmentation, is a form of sperm damage and is a phenomenon associated with poor sperm fertilizing ability and the subsequent potentially problematic development of pregnancy. There is certainly a…
1) Vaginal issues Rarely a couple might be unable to complete intercourse due to vaginismus. In such cases, adequate psychological support or even intrauterine insemination (IUI) with sedation may lead…
In order for conception to occur and for the miracle of life to begin, the fertilization of an egg by a sperm is required. The spermatozoa are produced in each…
It is particularly important to understand that for the human species, neither all the spermatozoa, nor all the eggs that are produced and released are fertile. Accordingly it is not…
There has also been a lot of controversy in Greece regarding the function of thrombophilia resulting in recurrent miscarriages. There is indeed an association with some rare cases of thrombophilia…
Hormonal causes are probably the most common causes of recurrent miscarriages. They relate to more than a third of these cases. Thyroid disorders like hypothyroidism or less often hyperthyroidism, disorders…
Anatomic causes that may lead to recurrent miscarriage include congenital uterine abnormalities such as didelphis and unicornuate uterus, fibroids or endometrial adhesions that are mostly related to endometritis. In addition,…
Infertility in modern times is an increasingly common problem due to the modern lifestyle and requirements of a modern woman. These social demands lead most women to the decision to…
Embryos throughout their development period, from fertilization to the blastocyst stage, are surrounded by a membrane called the zona pellucida. The process of blastocyst hatching, under normal conditions, takes place…
The embryo transfer usually takes place on the third day after the egg collection, in the embryonic stage of 6-8 cells. However, quite often the embryo transfer that is decided…
Choice of the right day for embryo transfer The right day of embryo transfer for every woman is different as the implantation mechanisms change in every system. In order to…
There are couples where one or even sometimes both are carriers of a pathological gene, whose expression in the foetus can lead to the appearance of a significant disease. Some…
Most patients believe that some drugs used in fertility are stronger and more dangerous than others, which is not true indeed. Actually, there are specific medication protocols for every type…
CLOMIPHENE CITRATE (SERPAFAR) It is probably the oldest one of this short of drugs and the only one taken in pill form. It is practically an estrogen antagonist that tricks…
Cabergoline and Bromocriptine (Dostinex and Parlodel) Hyperprolactinaemia, described at the increased concentration of prolactin in the blood, can prevent ovulation or alter its quality. These drugs are used to restore…
This new technique, which has been applied in recent years, is suggested for those young patients who have been violently forced to give up the dream of having a child…
PICSI micro fertilisation acts as an extra sperm quality filter and is a technique used for the best possible selection of sperm, which will be used for injection into the…
Since the first successful outcome of IVF and the birth of the first healthy baby, Luisa Brown in 1978, huge strides have been made in the treatment of male and…
Long ovarian stimulation Protocol The golden protocol for IVF is the long one. This protocol is divided into three phases Phase of triggering, egg retrieval, fertilization and embryo transfer. Once…
Since 2010, egg cryopreservation (freezing) has been applied for social reasons. It is recommended in cases where there is no partner and a young woman wants to preserve her fertility…
Endometriosis is the condition in which the endometrium, meaning the tissue that normally covers the inside of the uterus, is mistakenly deposited outside the uterus for unknown reasons and most…
# Articles Source 01 Permanent unilateral blindness associated with peripartum cardiomyopathy. pubmed 02 Dronedarone administration prevents body weight gain and increases tolerance of the heart to ischemic stress: a possible…
Τι πρέπει να γνωρίζουμε για την εξωσωματική γονιμοποίηση; Ανδρική υπογονιμότητα: Πώς μπορείτε να βελτιώσετε τη μορφολογία του σπέρματος – Πρόληψη και θεραπεία της τερατοσπερμίας Πηγή: oloygeia.gr Αίτια Υπογονιμότητας: Τι Πρέπει…
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