The release of an abnormal egg even though there was a potentially healthy ovulation
Inability of sperm to penetrate the macula of the egg
Inability of fertilized eggs to divide after fertilization
Inability of the produced embryo to hatch
Inability to implant the fetus
recurrent miscarriage
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Male infertility is caused by sperm issues described in the following situations:
1. Absence of sperm in the testicles or the absence of testicles
2. Inability to mature and release sperm
3. Testicular aging, oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation
As infertility we describe the situation in which a couple experiences repetitive failure to conceive, after intercourse with sufficient frequency in each cycle, meaning more than 10 times per month, for a period of one year if the woman is under 35 years old. If the woman is older than 35 years then this period…
Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy are often an integral part in the investigation of potential infertility causes of a couple or a woman. They are both minimally invasive surgical methods and are performed under general anesthesia or light intoxication.
Briefly, during the laparoscopy, the female abdomen is checked, with the help of a camera (laparoscope) that is…
A high-risk pregnancy is defined as one in which the mother and/or the fetus are at greater risk of complications, compared to pregnancies that develop normally. This may be due to aggravating factors or conditions that exist before or appear during the pregnancy.
Pre-pregnancy factors
Mother's age: Younger than 17 years or older than 40…
Chronic endometritis is a chronic inflammation in the uterus that is usually asymptomatic and of polymicrobial etiology. It is a clinical situation that has been ignored and almost missing for many years by the scientific literature, since its scientific documentation and diagnosis has to be based on specific findings of characteristic histopathological markers or microbiological…